Power System Protection
The guide gives the fundamental concepts, requirements for protection system, performance indices, location of CTs/PTs, protection of generator and generator transformers, power transformer/auto transformers shunt reactor, protection of transmission lines and cables, HVDC systems, busbar protection, breaker failure protection, special protection schemes, protection for renewable energy sources, fault disturbance recorder and event logging, DC battery and aux power supply system, switching devices, communication system for protection, basics for design of protection schemes based on IEC 61850 standard, series compensated lines and fact devices, validation, acceptance and field testing which form important elements of the protection system.
The protection and automation system used in the network plays an important role in meeting this requirement, preventing system collapse during major system disturbances, reducing outage time and minimizing the possibility of damage to the machines and equipment.
Utilities should install protection systems that are dependable. Here, dependability is the probability of not failing to clear a power system fault or abnormality. There are very significant technology changes in the area of protection and Control.
From electronic static relays, there was a shift to digital microprocessor based relays and then further to modern Numerical relays. The numerical technology has improved the protection functionality as well as protection schemes. This has contributed to improved reliability as well as dependability of relays.
The information and data communication capabilities of numerical relays provide vital inputs for operation of the grid subsequent to a fault or power system disturbance. The configuration of the relays has become vital to ensure above objectives.
