Energy and Power
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How to estimate transformer performance and characteristics
Assuming that you have a general understanding of transformer parameters and IEC Standards in use, this technical article is aimed at providing a variety of tools and data to make an educated assessment of the principal transformer performance ratings. Derived…...
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Jul 28, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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What to expect from an old GIS, and what are the options for support and life extension
Every new GIS switchgear eventually gets old and obsolete at the end of its lifetime. Problems with GIS, as with every other switchgear type, typically start after the midpoint of the lifecycle. This is the point at which the end…...
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Jun 30, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Execution of a Turnkey Substation Project: How not to step on the same rake again
Behind the successful execution of a turnkey substation project is always successful project management. Young engineers working on the execution of substation projects often repeat the same mistakes that often lead to unforeseen project costs. Generally speaking, management of turnkey…...
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Mar 03, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Best practice for providing LV supply into high earth potential rise sites in substations
During the passage of earth-fault current a substation earth electrode is subjected to an earth potential rise. Potential gradients develop in the surrounding ground area and these are highest adjacent to the substation earth electrode. The earth potential rise reduces… Read more
Dec 23, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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A roadmap for engineers seeking mastery in the language of electrical schematics
In the intricate landscape of electrical engineering, the ability to decipher and interpret schematic drawings is a skill that separates the adept from the novice. This technical article delves into the art of understanding schematics, unraveling the complexities through a…...
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Jan 03, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
High Voltage
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Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings: Going deeper into analysis and design intricacies
Welcome to this comprehensive technical article that delves into the intricacies of electrical schematics, shedding light on crucial elements such as loops, wire connections, auxiliary contacts, MCBs, contactors, circuit breakers, isolators, earth switches, and terminal blocks. In the world of…...
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Dec 25, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
High Voltage
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Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings for true field engineers (hands on HV schemes)
Schematic drawings, also known as electrical or circuit diagrams, are essential tools for understanding and designing electrical circuits. Mastering schematic drawing is a fundamental skill for field engineers, allowing them to effectively troubleshoot, maintain, and modify electrical schemes. This technical…...
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Dec 11, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
High Voltage
Eleven most important calculations you can perform with power system analysis software
This technical article we will go through a number of existing applications for conducting a wide range of electrical studies. However, the practice says that studies involving load flow and fault analyses are the most commonly utilized programs in power transmission… Read more
Aug 21, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Good practice in the design of concrete and steel structures in power substations
The process of designing a substation usually begins with the general substation layout, which is dependent on the required safety clearance and insulation withstand, as well as the permissible loads delivered to substation equipment and structures. The permissible loads, in… Read more
Jun 26, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
SF6 Gas Monitoring and Alarming Practices in Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) Systems
This article provides guidance on how to conduct gas monitoring and explains the various alerts that can be set. The many sorts of defects that might lead to partial discharges are discussed, and various partial discharge measuring techniques are described,… Read more
Apr 10, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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Tricks in designing and analyzing schematics and diagrams of high voltage substations
High voltage power substations are complex networks of power and control connections, represented by design elements like- Single Line Diagrams, layout and block diagrams, schematics, logic diagrams, schedules, and so many more. Wiring diagrams and schematics, in a sense, are…...
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Aug 08, 2022 | By Bishal Lamichhane
High Voltage
Design issues in HV busbar protection systems (substation topology and DC power supply)
This technical article discusses criteria and requirements for designing protection systems for busbars in HV/EHV networks. One of the most critical requirements is reliable busbar relay protection to assure power system integrity during fault conditions. This requirement is further emphasized because… Read more
Sep 27, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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MV/HV switchgear (circuit breaker) switching capability and suitability for specific applications
Circuit breakers (CBs) do interrupt fault currents and close onto faults. Besides, they could be used as isolation devices like disconnectors. The CBs manufacturers’ brochures and standards provide extensive data to select and assess the CBs performance, but designers must…...
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Jul 26, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
High Voltage
Parallel switching phenomenon when MV/HV circuit breakers interrupt a shared fault current
Parallel switching occurs when two or more circuit-breakers are tripped to interrupt a shared fault current. This is typically the case for such bus arrangements as a double breaker, breaker-and-a-half, breaker-and-a-third, and ring buses. Ideally, all of the circuit-breakers should… Read more
Jun 07, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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Testing and commissioning of MV/HV switchgear (wiring, final inspection and checks)
This article continues the series of articles dedicated to the erection, testing and commissioning of MV/HV switchgear by describing the most important precautions and recommendations in various procedures and steps. Starting from the wiring of low voltage command and signal…...
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Oct 28, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
